Operating Systems Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Operating Systems - Research Paper Example in that location argon several and diverse components of an operating system that include but not expressage to the single file management, security, shop and process management. It is worthwhile to compare each operating system to evaluate and assess the above condition components of an operating system. The following paragraphs present the comparison of basic operating systems with respect to the above given features (Solomon, Russinovich & Polze, 2006).The file management system refers to the organization, management and manipulation of calculator data in documents and files that is provided by the file managing director (different with respect to the operating system) through a graphical user interface. The computer documents and files can be created, alter (existing file), viewed and deleted from the computer memory as well as the files can be arranged in computer directories / folders. The process of file management differs with r espect to the operating system as presented in the following paragraphs (Goel, 2010).There are several file managers used by Microsoft Windows only that include but not limited to the Altap Salamander, FAR Manager, File Manager, Windows Explorer etc. The files are placed in the folders and the index contains the file training known as File Allocation Table (FAT). One of the latest file management systems of the Windows is the reinvigorated Technology File System (NTFS). The NTFS store owner name, it provides POSIX file permissions, creation timestamps, travel access timestamp, and last content modification timestamp.The Mac operating system uses the file managers that include the magnetic disk Order, Finder, Path Finder, and Xfile. The Disk order file manager provides the graphical user interface and shows the files as list view and reduplicate panel view only. The Finder and Path Finder file managers show the icon, list view, panel view,

Maritime Transportation Security Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Maritime Transportation certificate forge - Essay ExampleWhile the attacks focused attention on our aviation systems vulnerability, it became obvious that our maritime airfield needed greater attention. Besides being gateways through which dangerous materials could enter, ports are attractive targets because they are frequently large and sprawling, accessible by water and land, close to crowded centers, and interwoven with highways, roads, factories, and businesses (Flynn, 2004). security is made gruelling by the number of stakeholders involved in port operations, which include local, state, and federal agencies multiple law enforcement jurisdictions merchant marine and trade companies factories and other businesses. The MTSA imposed an ambitious schedule of requirements on federal agencies and called for a comprehensive fashion model that included planning, personnel security, and careful monitoring of vessels, facilities, and cargo. Table 1 contains the MTSAs key security-rel ated activities. However, Haste makes waste, and the pressing nature of the legislative and implementation efforts of the MTSA 2002 proved this to be true (Bouchard, 2005 Ervin, 2006 Haveman et al., 2007).The MTSA 2002, through the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), gave the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) lead responsibility for most of its requirements. Timetables for implementing the provisions were tight, and adding difficulty was the need to implement MTSA after the most extensive federal reorganization after the Second World War. Most of the 22 agencies with MTSA responsibilities were reorganised into the DHS in March 2003, less than 5 months after enactment. Some departments such as the Transportation Security Agency (TSA) were new, while others such as the USCG, Customs Service, and the Immigration and Naturalization Service were transferred from various executive director departments. This recombination of organizational cultures and the need to coordinate with other agencies such as the State, Transportation, and Justice Departments introduced complex chains of direct and reporting responsibilities (MTSA,2002 DHS, 2005 USCG, 2007).The deadline for implementing MTSA of July 1, 2004 was tight. Unlike other areas of critical infrastructure security where the government was unwilling to set eliminate mandates for the private sector and push for meaningful change, the MTSA was a catalyst for action. Unfortunately, in the face of unrealistic deadlines and set-apart implementation milestones, good intentions were non necessarily translated into greater security at the pier. And to add insult to injury, the USCG not only proved incapable of managing the projects designed to improve its capability but became open to graft and putrefaction and overspending (Economist 2007, p. 36). The priorities

What important contribution or contributions did this scholar make to Essay

What important contribution or contributions did this scholar make to the field of biblical studies - demonstrate ExampleThe articles interconnect with apocryphal books, ancient and in advance(p) interpreters work, medieval work that laid the foundation for modern twenty-four hour period ideologies, methods as well as movements that are key for biblical studies. The writer has minimized revision of the original information as much as possible to maintain the authenticity of t6hje information in the bible. However, there has been addition of information to small extent which go beyond minor corrections. In this context, it has been spy that the book of Esther has additional text that comprises ab let out nine sentences. These have organise the basis for the recent studies carried out on the book of Esther. Furthermore, the Song of Songs for instance, has thirty additional items to the bibliography causing near minor differences in the future books and present day interpretatio ns. Therefore the writer has laid a good foundation to modern day biblical studies and interpretations. it has been noted that the Deutronomical books in the old Testament has additional fascinating topics that focus on man-to-man interpreters, modern approaches as well as theological topics that give immense inspiration. This has been based on the articles scripted or excerpted from the Dictionary of interpretations by John H. Hayes.Most biblical interpreters and writers emphasize and give particular worry to information obtained in the last two centuries. This marks a unifying factor towards the greatest interpreters. However, some interpreters subdivide their research and work to the different categories, namely Early interpretation, which addresses the ancient Biblical information and how they formed basis for subsequent work. The second category is the early middle age. This follows the early middle age and borrows heavily from the earlier version. Thirdly, there is the twel fth century interpretation which laid the foundation for the other interpretations. Others are The scholastic period, the early modern period and

Contract and procurement management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Contract and procural management - Case Study slipThe budget of Ruralshire County is short and it is expecting high quality of services. Traditionally, only a small number of topical anaesthetic contractors bugger off the high capacity (100 seater) vehicles for these routes and because the routes are long they are challenging in terms of the ability of vehicles to forbid to time, especially in adverse traffic and weather conditions.In keeping with wider practice, bus and coach operators position older vehicles to school transport and pupils can expect to travel in vehicles more than 10 years old.The client is unhappy at the high cost and unreliability of a cluster (8) of long-distance routes transporting somewhat 700 secondary age pupils from the city of Maynard Kaines (located outside the county) to Amplewealth (the county town) some 22 miles away where these children attend four local grammar schools. The combined cost of these contracts is 1.1M per annum. This report intend s at citeing the important of this project. This report also intends at identifying the important of abstract e-auctions for the upcoming project. Moreover, this report ends at presenting a business case that identifies the benefits, cost, risks and gaps of the upcoming project (Worksafe.vic.gov.au, 2015).Effective procurement is a key to provide best services to businesses and customers. Selection process of suppliers is a way to identify a best person or company for a service. There are a masses if procurement approaches to select vendors to get service and goods. There are a lot of possible re-procurement approaches to chance on the business objectives mentioned in our case study of home-school transportation. In our case it is important to reduce the costs associated with the transportation of children from homes to schools. The award of new contract is strongly associated with the cost effectiveness of the transportation coupled with less(prenominal) travel time (Imaginatio n.lancs.ac.uk, 2015).

The Industrial Revolution and its Impact on the United States Research Paper - 1

The Industrial Revolution and its Impact on the United States - Research Paper recitationOn the technology front, the biggest advancements were in steam power. New fuels such as coal and petroleum, were incorporated into sunrise(prenominal) steam engines. This revolutionized many industries including textiles and manufacturing. Also, a new communication medium was invented called the telegraph. This made communicating across the marine much faster .The invention of steam power gave momentum to the discipline of rail transport in America. Moreover, petroleum and diesel engine engines were also discovered followed by the steam engine. All these discoveries contributed heavily to the organic evolution of transportation facilities and infrastructure. Before the introduction of these engines, Americans were using other means of transport which were comparatively slower that that with automobiles. In other words, the distance between different places appeared to be more than what it i s today, before the introduction of of engines and the subsequent discoveries of automobiles. along with the discovery of automobiles, industrial revolution brought another major breakthrough in communication in the work out of the discovery of telegraph. Telegraph and automobiles contributed heavily to the development of communication and transportation which in turn gave momentum to the development of manufacturing units or industries and businesses across America. The full impact of the Industrial Revolution would not begin to be agnize until about 100 years later in the 1800s, when the use of machines to replace human labor dole out throughout Europe and North America .

RM Assessment 1 - Critical Revise (marketing) Essay

RM Assessment 1 - Critical Revise (marketing) - Essay precedentThis report critically reviews the Bansal and Voyer article.The current trend in WOM advertising and marketing includes ethically questionable tactical manoeuvre such as viral videos, guerrilla marketing and paid endorsements of email or Facebook friends and family, or distinction pages. Litven, etal proposed this modern definition, WOM is the communication between consumers about a product, service, or a company in which the sources atomic number 18 numbered independent of commercial influence. (2005) This statement implies the perceived independence is really more important than the actual independence.The Litven, etal. Article considers travel and hospitality business and the attempt to capture positive WOM. Since many people consider travel risky in terms of settling onto a poor choice of destination or accommodation, travelers seek WOM advice from prior journeys. The internet has become a resource for destinati on information, some independent, some evidently independent. Email, websites and blogs are asynchronous communications that control the outgoing message. The travel industry as well as other high risk applications should indulge in this form of WOM. Pictures still tell a base better than words, and corporate WOM marketing should include photographic evidence, especially to combat negative WOM.The Lee, etal. article quantifies the do of WOM on business bottom lines. This study demonstrates the long-term lifetime value of WOM as opposed to confirming marketing. WOM is shown to create a definite value. (2006)The Villanueva, etal study relates closely to the Lee article however, Villanueva looks at acquisition be and equity return of building clientele by fortune marketing and WOM. WOM proves to be more hail effective, although slower, than mass marketing because WOM provides the best clientele. Long-term customers come from WOM whereas one time customers, the wrong customers, c ome from mass marketing efforts. (2006)A number of features of the

Discussion Questions and Participation Questions Essay - 2

Discussion Questions and Participation Questions - Essay characterAlong with English which the universal line of credit diction websites must the capacity to translate its material to different popular languages such as Spanish, Portuguese, French, and Japanese. Doing so will increase the reach of the corporate website.Two issues that be big in international transactions are foreign exchange transactions and regulatory compliances. When doing business international companies have to interchange money. Due to the fact that different countries utilize early(a) monetary units other than the dollar the business transactions internationally have to take into consideration the foreign exchange market. A way to protect itself against the risk of a monetary unit going up in the valuate is to write business contracts in which the parties stipulate the monetary unit that is going to be utilized. Another important issue in international business transactions is the local environmental r egulations. Depending on the nation in that spatial relation are different regulations. Performing research on the local laws that apply in international location is the best way to reduce business risk associated with regulatory compliance.You mentioned the importance of knowing the foreign language and the culture of the populate. Misunderstanding around cultural issues can lead to major mistakes. For example in India people considered the cow a sacred animal. Fast food chains such as McDonalds and Wendys would be making a major mistake if they tried to penetrate the India marketplace with their traditional products. In some cultures such as the Chinese culture body language is important. Americans are less full-dress about body language gestures. Professional databases such as CultureGrams provide great information about the cultures of the different countries in the world.The proliferation of online shopping has become a factor companies cannot ignore anymore. In 2009 e-com merce generated nearly $132 jillion in sales in the United States

Week 2 - Journal - Reflections on Education Policy Coursework

Week 2 - Journal - Reflections on Education insurance - Coursework ExampleSuch observations arise from the high cost of education coupled with the pressure arising from their poor backgrounds. death chair George Bushs administration introduced the No Child Left Behind Act in 2001. The impress remains the most recent and effective policy that seeks to address the problem by increasing financial backing to the education sector thereby supporting K-12 schooling in the country (Meier & Wood, 2004). The policy has made staple fiber education affordable thus encouraging millions of American children from poor backgrounds to learn and develop careers. Following the look and implementation of the policy, the number of students has increased in numerous schools throughout the country. Prior to reading this weeks reading assignment, I believed the poverty was a major contributor to the rising cases of school dropouts. The weeks assignment proved my thoughts and showed that the government a ppreciated such social impediments to education thereby formulating and implementing laws that sought to generate every individual of a school going age with an opportunity to attend school and fetch appropriate grades capable of improving the quality of their

Institutional Investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Institutional Investment - Essay role modelAs compared to some other capital that can be termed as passively managed bills, the actively managed funds execute to have a higher expense ratio repayable to the stock-picking that goes on with this type of portfolio. On the other hand, an office fund is a collective investment scheme focusing on an index effort in the financial grocery store with already set rules that have to remain constant regardless of the market dynamics that are supposedly affecting stock. (Kaushik, 2013, p.1) The tracking in here means it can be approached by holding all securities in the index with the same proportions of the stock being monitored as often statistically sampling the market and holding representative securities. Having the advantage of lower fees, the returns to the investors are few influenced as well as low costs are in the light of taxes. Actively managed equity plebeian funds have trillions of dollars in assets, collect tens of billi ons in management fees, and are the subject of enormous vigilance from investors, the press, and researchers therefore the scrutiny of such funds come from all quarters their active management (Baks, Metrick and Watcher, 2001, p. 43-83). This is due to the fact that they are relevantly required to mature in a shorter period as compared to indexed funds and for years, many experts have been saying that investors would be better off in low-cost passively managed index funds. The brief of the active fund and index fund is two different investment strategy. The former is looking for the market to be misprice securities positively and seek to obtain market surgical operations beyond target. While the later chose a particular index as an investment, non the manifestation of seek the market actively instead of trying to replicate the performance of an index (Philippe, 2002, p. 1-10). According to Jensen (1968, p. 389-400), most studies have found that the universe of mutual funds does not outperform its benchmarks after expenses and this evidence indicates that the average active mutual fund should be avoided thence the preference shifts to the indexed funds for the longer term investments. Other findings reveal that future abnormal returns alphas can be forecast using past returns or alphas, past fund inflows, and manager characteristics such as age, education, and sit down scores which goes a long way in their decision making with regard to financial knowledge. can on the evidence, those alphas are possible to persistent, and that some managers own positives expectation on alphas as far as about 0.1 percent of all managers in the expectation and none do. Using current data and methods, it is not possible to distinguish between these two possibilities, but at the same time such piffling differences may have large consequences for investors. There has been rising popularity among the index funds, and this can be attributed to their excellent performance in t he long run as they have outperformed their actively managed competitors as a whole. Taking a look at the mathematical aspect of the indices, the average active

Selective Lit Review Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Selective Lit Review - Assignment ExampleContinually, organizations are recognizing that their employees are a prow for competitive advantage. As a result, HR departments are changing from being administrative, to become strategic partners answerable to the achievement of business goals. This approach requires the development of new evaluation and defining models for the success of their HR. Through much(prenominal) models, they will be able to demonstrate the value of their strategic contribution. This review will discuss different errors in the current models of evaluation (Cousins, Donohue and Bloom, 1996).Cousins, Donohue and Bloom (1996) insist that despite developments in participatory and collaborative evaluation, atomic has been explored, over the perception of the evaluators, with regards to evaluation practices and their practicality. This was be explored using a survey of American and Canadian evaluators in the area of their perceptions. From the 564 evaluators surv eyed, a subsample of 348, apart from expressing their opinions over collaborative evaluation, they described collaborative evaluation projects they had participated in. From the survey of the 564 evaluators, over their views of evaluation, it was evident that they support a utilization-focused, service orientation to the function, and that the evaluator holds the responsibility of maximizing proposed use among the users. The practices of evaluators, arrangement that most of them engage collaboratively which is not intended to support either side of the professional discussion, but affix to the knowledge-base on evaluation.Holton (1996) the lack of further study to advance the theory of evaluation is a primary insufficiency for HRD (human resource development). In this regard, the four-level model of training evaluation is a classification of results, and erratic as a model of evaluation.

Define Leader and Leadership and explain why managers should be Essay

mold Leader and Leadership and explain why managers should be leaders - Essay ExampleLeaders argon the actual players behind leadership and all the activities and operations that come with it. A leader is a visionary, strategic, goal-oriented, and value-driven mortal who sets the pace for his or her followers and goes a step further to guide them through that pace. Naturally, leaders annul conflicts while executing their mandate, or efficiently manage and control disputes or conflicts whenever they arise (Kuckartz, 2010).It is important for managers to be leaders. This is because management and leadership are fundamentally intertwined. The administrative duties and responsibilities of a manager are more effective and efficient when leadership principles are incorporated in management. In this respect, managers ought to practice their authority within transactional and transformational aspects (Armstrong, 2011). In so doing, they manage the organization and lead their followers at the same

Maritime Environmental Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Maritime Environmental Issues - Essay ExampleEl Nino is characterized by extended differences on scratch temperatures in pacific Ocean compared to the average temperature value. It is a cooling or thaw of at to the lowest degree 0.9 0F or 0.5 0C in average over east central of equatorial peace-loving Ocean (Philander1990). In general, the anomaly takes place at an interval of surrounded by 3 to 7 years regularly and lasts for between nine months and two years. This anomaly is characterized by events such as rise in pressures in the scrape up over Australia, Indonesia, and Indian Ocean a fall in atmospheric pressure over the east and central Pacific Ocean and Tahiti arising warm air near Peru which usually causes rains in the deserts of northern Peruvian weakening trade winds in Pacific and spreading warm water from the west Pacific to the east Pacific and Indian Ocean. This causes extensive drought in west Pacific and rain to the east Pacific which is normally dry (Hayes 19 91). El Nino is often characterized by warm temperatures, this is because of its warm rush of the tropical water that is poor in nutrients and is majorly heated by its tendency of eastern passage through the equatorial current where it displaces the cold water on the ascend of the Humboldt Current which is rich in nutrients (McPhaden 1993. In cases where El Nino conditions and/ or episodes lasts for quite long, then the reduction in the trade winds in the east and the extensive warming of the marine limits the nutrient rich cold deep water together with its economic effects to the local anaesthetic fishing for the international market (Lee 2000). These quasi periodic patterns of climate are experienced across tropical Pacific Ocean approximately after every 5 years. The anomaly phenomenon takes place due to the Confederate Oscillation which varies the air pressure of the surface water in the western Pacific and the temperatures of water surface in the eastern Pacific Ocean (Brow n 1986). It is the extremes of the oscillations that results into the anomalies of the persist conditions in many parts of the world. Those developing countries that lodger Pacific Ocean are widely affected. The phenomenon that characterizes El Nino with unusual warm temperatures of the surface of the ocean in the eastern and central tropical Pacific and unusual cool temperatures of the surface water of the ocean in the central and eastern tropical Pacific, results from the strong circulation of the air in the tropics. This oscillation is famous for influencing climate patterns and weather around the globe (Roberts 1993). Observations have been made on the occurrence of the events resulting from La Nina and El Nino. There is a drift towards the cool neutral side in relation to the sub surface and surface of the temperatures of the ocean along side various changes in the circulation of atmosphere (Dietrich 1999). These changes have indicated a drastic movement in the odds of La Nin a that forms in the forthcoming period. This has resulted into uncertainty and the need for close monitoring for any crabby signs of future developments. Today, El Nino has been characterized by oscillation of the atmosphere system of the ocean in the tropical Pacific which poses very significant consequences on the weather and climate around the globe. These consequences include high rainfall in Peru and the southern tier of the Unites States, drought and destructive flooding in West Pacific, and in some cases associated with pitiful bush fires in Australia (Herpes 2001). El Nino results into warmer winters

The Positive and Negative of pay for Performance Essay

The Positive and ostracize of pay for Performance - Essay ExampleNowadays, the utilization of this scheme is widely used not and in the United States but all over the world as documented by the Harvard trading School. While others have strongly supported the view that performance based compensation will enkindle efficiency and satisfaction in the business organization, some empirical experiments failed to display its signifi groundworkce. In line with this, this treat will look at the pros and cons of pay for performance. This paper will apply pay for performance some(prenominal) for employees work on their own and those working within a team.Pay for performance is based on the premise that money is a motivational factor. This premise assumes that in order for individuals to work harder, monetary incentives should eer be present. Pay for performance is a system which directly links money to higher and to a greater extent efficient performance.According to Pinto, performance ba sed is the best from of compensation in this knowledge-based business environment. He argues that the grey-headed archaic systems and processes of lax reviews and annual automatic pay increases across the board results in increasing risk of exposure for employees whose pay has escalated over the years to a level that simply cannot compete in the modern world(prenominal) environment (Pinto 6). This is supported by empirical results the most famous of which is the GE experience. It should be noted that crap Welch significantly improved the performance as GE as the entire workforce shaped up as nobody wanted to be at the bottom (5). In some situations, money can function as a primary motivator in the case of workforce in the ontogenesis countries. An increase in their salary almost always motivates to work harder to finance their families expenditures.Performance-based compensation is also raise because of its relative simplicity. This system is regarded to give immediate and mean ingful feedbacks. Also,

Discussion Board Post Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 39

Discussion Board hazard Response - Essay ExampleFormative evaluation can be used to provide feedback for learning and consequently serve as the basis for improvements (Duers and Brown, 2009) and should therefore be conducted as the project progresses. I defend that summative evaluation is conducted at the end of an instructional unit (Duers and Brown, 2009) and can thus be conducted at the end of your practicum project.McKimm and Swanwick (2009) posits that objectives outlines what the student seeks to achieve at the end of a project. In this regard, I control with your objectives in achieving your goal. Your objectives clearly shows what you leave alone achieve at the end of the practicum project. For instance, you assert that you will be able to move over findings to the executive system board for approval at the end of your project. I also concur with the some other aspects of your discussion such as your methodology and evaluation plan. Your choice to utilize PFCC as your methodology will help achieve the projected outcomes based on findings from other methodical investigations, thus I agree with your methodology. It is only through formative and summative approaches to evaluation that you will be able to get feedback from your colleagues and also at the end of your project (Duers and Brown, 2009). In this respect, I agree with your evaluation

Motivation letter Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Motivation letter - Assignment Exampleobjectives be to, first become a first mate, and then in time, work hard to secure a promotion that will see me achieve my inspiration of becoming a captain. I believe that I possess determination and focus, which will cover that I gain develop with the ambition of not achieving the highest social rank in motor yachting, besides also contributing towards the industry positively by ensuring that I ensure my crew members be safe and have confident in me.Despite personal endeavors in achieving my dream job of becoming a captain, I am also determined to uphold the moral ethics that defines a motor yacht crew given the extra care required in sailplaning passengers from one port to another. Pursuing motor yachting art is not satisfying by its own, but through the integration of various aspects such as taking responsibility, conforming to the code of ethics, respect for others and broad other options to correct my unintentional wrong doings, which will help me build my career from a moral, emotional, and professionalism perspective. labour yachting has substantial challenges that are associated with the conditions in which the sea vessels work. Remarkably, being at the middle of an ocean with no place to pull over in emergency cases is one of the psychological challenges that may face either motor yacht crew among many others including natural and experience challenges. However, there is no single profession that comes without risks hence, I am determined not to be defined my fears and challenges, but what I can do to ensure that the challenges are part of everything a human being pursues. In reference to the saying the saying, experience is the best teacher, I am always ready to experience new things irrespective of whether they are challenges, obstacles or even hardships, which ensures that I thrive through my career successfully and learning from my past experience.It is my indirect request to spend my time in large water bodies aided by professional yachting crews

The Benefits of Dance for Dyspraxics and Dyslexics Essay Example for Free

The Benefits of jump for Dyspraxics and dyslectics EssayAs a consequence of my c atomic number 18er in the teaching of spring, I have had near practical experience working with dyslexic and dyspraxic electric razorren for a number of years now and have stimulate increasingly interested in the problems they face. In having this study to routine an ideal opportunity arose to research the subjects in more detail. In doing so I have discovered how vast it really is and how difficult it is to write even an explanation of the conditions.No devil dyslexics ar alike ,1 so how jakes one distinguish precisely what it is? Even the different institutions who argon expert in their fields differ. My aim is to open up the subjects, provoking some interest in the reader to pick up more about them and then to centralise on how I savor terpsichore can be of assistance in the childs life, albeit in very different ways. To cover just one subject thoroughly would be impossible, barel y I hope, in skimming the surface, I can demonstrate how beta these issues are. I do non claim expertise. The information that I have used comes from reliable sources ( externalise Bibliography) and includes personal opinions.The essential fact is that although the two words sound similar, they are very different problems. There are many definitions of dyslexia. The International Dyslexia stand states thatdyslexia is a neurologically based, lots familial, dis modulate which interferes with the acquisition and processing of lyric .2 British Dyslexics say evidently individuals.struggle to learn through the medium of written or spoken language ,3 scarcely have a key of definitions from opposite sources which includedyslexia is the great power to see multidimensionally, all at once, or from any one turn up at a clip. The ability to think in pick ups and to register those pictures as real. Thus, you mix in seminal thinking with reality and change what is seen or heard .4The percentage of dyslexia vexers varies from source to source, it may be up to 20% of the community (Dyslexia U.K information on Incidence 5) in varying degrees. That is a vast gist Three times more males are affected than females probably be exertion it is usually hereditary being passed take through males. In my experience boys heavily outweigh the ratio of boys to girls. Ron Davis, a dyslexic who suffered as a child wrote the book The Gift of Dyslexia. It left me both more dislocated about the problem and heretofore more lowstanding of it too Why do dyslexics who are usually normal to above ordinary intelligence a great deal have difficulties at give littleons even though hopefully nowadays instructors are taught to be more aware of instruction disabilities? My understanding of Davis book allows me to see that dyslexics acquire a in all different teaching method because their thought processes are different. Dyslexics think in pictures, non-dyslexics think verbally (using words).These pictures/thoughts turn over at a rate of approximately 32 a split second, as opposed to 2-5 thoughts a second for the verbal thinker.6 Dyslexics are not aware of most of their thoughts as they happen too quickly, but the unperceivable p prowess of the brain takes them in and it is this ability that gives them highly tuned intuition and creativity. They become so involved in their thoughts that these become reality- they see, hear, smell and feel what is in their heads. This causes me some confusion as I am a verbal thinker and it is difficult to conceptualise an other(a) way of thinking. How can any one teacher be expected to teach in two different ways at the same time? It is a little like having one half of the class thinking in French and the other in English but all speaking English (to use rather an extreme analogy).The former behind thinking in pictures comes from the relative sizes of the brains hemispheres. The right side is often larger in dyslexi cs and this is the picture side, the imaginative centre. The left side is the language side. This becomes a problem when the child goes to school and does not understand the written word. A different learning process is motivationed as our certain methods rely heavily on written language and verbal thought. There becomes a big division between their intellectual ability and their reading performance.This lack of understanding in one area is alike the reason why individuals are gifted in another area. Highly tuned intuition is a dyslexic giving, as is a bang-uper curiosity the dynamic force behind creativity .7 Dyslexics can see things from all angles and from outside themselves. They can put their heeds eye 8 anywhere, visual perception the whole picture rather than fragments of the whole. Dyslexia would not be so parking area if its loadings were purely detrimental. 9 Many of the great geniuses were dyslexic- Einstein for example once said, if I cant picture it, I cant un derstand it 10 Da Vinci, Walt Disney and Winston Churchill all suffered with this affliction.Living dyslexics include Cher, Whoopi Goldberg, Guy Ritchie and Eddie Izzard the bizarre connections he figure outs in his unscripted channelises may be a dyslexic dividend .10 A recent article in the Daily Telegraph features a severely dyslexic entrepreneur, Ben Way who at 20 is a multimillionaire His grandpa was dyslexic and his mother is which may be one reason for his exceptional skills. When he gets an idea he says it all comes together like a whirring candy floss machine, turning in my head, fashioning connections from all over the place. In an hour I find I can see the radical to a problem .11 He alike says about people he has worked with of higher IQ than himself but they dont see things from so many angles. 11It is probably becoming apparent that the negatively charged side of dyslexia has an equal and opposite positive side that would not be so developed if on that point we re no dyslexia present. The way they think leads them to be potentially talented in many areas unrelated to their language skills. Their special talent comes from the same mental functions that prevent them from being able to read, write or spell well .12Intuition has already been mentioned, this ability to understand and picture the whole. Creativity relates directly to dance (and other visual subjects art, design, technology etc). Their thought processes which allow them to picture something, even themselves from another point in musculus quadriceps femoris is highly desirable in artistic subjects. Dancers and athletes (two favourite professions of dyslexics) ordinarily have their minds eye positioned above their heads .13As babies and toddlers dyslexics are more curious than other children are, often walking before crawling. This curiosity leads to creativity and this creativity is the gift they have. In dance, imagination and creativity are vital. Dyslexics are usually good mus ically and national rhythm is another important element we look for.In summary the abilities that dyslexics have that potentially would make dance a good medium are-1Thinking in pictures dance is a visual art form that requires the participant to see shapes and copy shapes. It is moving art.2Thinking and perceiving multi-dimensionally. All the senses are utilised, comprehend the whole picture rather than fragments. Ideal when choreographing.3A vivid imagination.4Extraordinary creative skills.Tasks which require the ability to visualise something in a creative or different way are often simple for the individual with these talents.14Achievement is vital for anyones self esteem but peculiarly for a child who may perceive themselves a failure in other aspects of their lives. To my mind if children are struggling at school for whatever reason, but find a niche for themselves in the dance class or any other application, then we are obliged to nurture it. This should build their impu dence and self worth and hopefully service of process them in other aspects of their lives and so prevent negative feelings of foiling and failure. It may also offset other related problems that could arise such as bad behavior and depression.Thomas Scheidler (co-founder of The Greenwood School) discovered a big discrepancy between their dyslexics ability to perform artistically and their ability to perform in language areas. 15 In sports that needed good balance and co-ordination they excelled dyslexics that are well co-ordinated break away to also be especially good in sports that require balance and a sense of fly the coop. 14 It is so important to encourage children in disciplines where they demonstrate some aptitude, especially children who obviously suffer in basic learning areas.Dyspraxia or festeringal co-ordination disorder is an impairment or immaturity of the formation of movement and, in many individuals, there may be associated problems of language, perception an d thought. 16 Between 2-10% of the population are affected, 70% being boys. (Dyspraxic Foundation). I intend to concentrate on the problem of co-ordination and only ghost on other difficulties when they are relevant or link to the role of dance/movement.Almost from give birth children with dyspraxia get out show signs of movement impairment. They lack travel competence and have often been labelled unskilful. It is thought, parts of the brain have failed to mature properly. 17 Without delving into the reasoning behind this too much, it is noteworthy that when winning a history questions concerning pregnancy and diet are included (p.19 Developmental Dyspraxia by Madeleine Portwood). Dyspraxia affects how a child manages and co-ordinates his or her movements 18 because reinforced interconnections between nerve cells in the cerebral cortex are reduced in number. 19 Normally automatic movements in the dyspraxic have to be taught and used repeatedly to create these connections.Dyspr axic babies often bottom shuffle then walk because the brain can not give the limbs independent messages they need in order to crawl. Children display awkward movement, have limited creativity and concentration. They lack strength and facial expression in muscles and subsequently have poor posture.Each of the skills we take for granted i.e. walking with co-ordinated arm movements, jumping, upgrade etc, have to be learnt by the dyspraxic child. The neural pathways need to be reinforced quickly. It is the execution of take skills which encourages the development of the neural pathways in the brain. 20 They find it difficult to execute tasks which involve co-ordination of arms and legs, 19 although they become good at a skill they have practised. Unfortunately it is specific to that particular skill and they find transferring information from one area to another difficult. They almost end up relearning the same thing to be used elsewhere.Tasks requiring balance, rhythm and co-ordina tion are most useful. 21 One of the single most important areas that dyspraxic individuals need to work on is their co-ordination and their gross motor skills. This word, co-ordination, has already come up and it and dance are synonymous. This is the outset point that makes me feel dance can really play an important part in a dyspraxics life and their subsequent development.Dance can help promote their gross motor skills, their balance, mastering common movements, for example, standing on one leg, hopping, hop scotch, skipping, controlling their arm movements and synchronising arms and legs. It will also develop the bodys postural muscles which will go a long way to assisting in the control of their body as a whole, making them more spatially aware of themselves.We use babys room rhymes with young children that require putting actions to words, these can be most fun and beneficial in learning to co-ordinate and move the body in a variety of ways (the teacher helping as needed). Whe n the child goes from nursery school to reception there is less opportunity to improve his gross motor skills 22 and so attendance of a dance class will continue to improve and build on motor skills outside the school environment and in an enjoyable and more relaxed atmosphere. The dyspraxic child will distract activities essential for development if he is not directed towards them. 21If used alongside other intervention methods early enough, dance can enhance the childs self esteem and teach the motor skills required to avoid physical conflict. This will encourage their peers to include them in activities and help them to feel less isolated. This is essential to the childs welfare and may offset, like the dyslexic child, other emotional problems.It can be seen that the two conditions bear little resemblance to each other. A dyspraxic child can often have a reading age two years above themselves whereas a dyslexic will probably always find reading a chore. Dyspraxics have limited creativity but dyslexics show extremely high levels of imagination. A dyslexic is often very good at sports and balancing, co-ordination type activity whereas a dyspraxic has to work very hard to become as skilled.There are common areas though. two generally have normal to high intelligence. Dyslexics will experience some degree of dyspraxia due to seeing their thoughts as reality and so losing their sense of space in actual reality, thus becoming confused and disorientated. In my experience both respond to routine and if this is upset it often leads to disruption and this will cause them to achieve less than when the routine is consistent. With a dance class repetition is necessary in order to acquire a skill. For a dyspraxic or dyslexic child to see what is ahead is reassuring, especially when they feel themselves improving.One last point of similarity and interest is that both affect more boys than girls. If we can captivate many more boys into the pre-school dance class we can start intervention and indeed see the signs of a problem earlier. We tend by default to help more girls, either intentionally or unintentionally, simply because they present themselves in larger numbers. Learning basic movement skills and firing off imagination is important for both sexes, as is interacting socially in a controlled environment. If we could get the boys into the classes and into our imaginative existence we could begin to help many more youngsters with or without learning difficulties.Dance to me has an obvious place here, whether it be tuning into an individuals talent and providing an outlet to a very creative mind, or giving a child confidence in moving their own body and having control over that body. I have experienced the positive effect dance can have in both these areas and seen children gain in confidence in other aspects of their lives as a result. Having studied these disorders I feel I have acquired much more of an brainwave into the approach needed wh en teaching in this area and consequently greater confidence that using dance is a positive addition to intervention methods currently in use. In my opinion, dance is a ground that should be open and enjoyed by all and be beneficial as a whole mind and body approach for a healthy life, emotionally, mentally and physically.Bibliography The Gift of Dyslexia by Ron DavisDevelopmental Dyspraxia Identification and hindrance by Madeleine Portwood (Second Edition)A First Guide to Developmental Co-ordination Disorder. Published by OAASIS. (Office for Advice, Assistance, Support and Information on Special Needs).What is Developmental Dyspraxia? By Dyspraxia FoundationHes not stupid, hes Dyslexic article- The Sunday Times 23 July 2000 by Peter MartinOne day well take over the world article- Daily Telegraph 10 January 2001 by Cassandre Jardine.The following are articles found on the internet under Dyslexia-Dyslexia U.K Dyslexia and its Implications.What is Dyslexia? By Bright Solutions for Dyslexia, LLCWhat is Dyslexia? By British DyslexicsWhat is Dyslexia? By Roger P Harrie and Carol WellerDyslexia and Creativity. An interview with Thomas Scheidler by Rondi Lightmark.

Video game industry Essay Example for Free

Video game industry EssayWhenever I look out from my window at home, nothing but memories come back to me. When the time that me and my friends playing together with many kind of Filipino games like Patintero, Langit Lupa, Black123 and many more. I was about 7 years old when I was always inadequacy to go outside to play with my friends from morning up to afternoon.My only break was when my Mom calling me verbal expression that were gonna eat our lunch so I need to come back home as soon as possible. When Im with my friends, my life has been always happier than when I am inside of our house. I really loved to be outside and play with my friends because it gives me fulfillment of my childhood life.As I fail aware that my street has become barren from children playing outside, those memories soon fade away into silence. The truth of the yield is that telecasting games brook affected the children who play them. Although video games have been quite influential on our generatio n, video games have had a lot of negative effects on the children of today.Children have become obsessed with video games. Since 1980s, the video game industry has expanded so much in the market, it is only getting big with the growth of technology. And although these games provide much entertainment, it does not come without a cost. Since the rise of video games, more children have become more obese, more violent and less social.

Aung San Suu Kyi Essay Example for Free

Aung San Suu Kyi EssayAung San Suu Kyi MP AC (Burmese born 19 June 1945) is a Burmese rivalry politician and General Secretary of the National League for Democracy (NLD) in Burma. In the 1990 general election, the NLD win 59% of the national votes and 81% (392 of 485) of the positions in Parliament. She had, however, already been detained under house aim in advance the elections. She remained under house arrest in Burma for al near 15 of the 21 years from 20 July 1989 until her most recent release on 13 November 2010, becoming one of the worlds most prominent (now former) political prisoners. childhood and Education Aung San Suu Kyi was born on 19 June, 1945 in Rangoon, capital city of Myanmar (then Burma). Her father, Aung San, was the architect of Burmas independence. He founded the modern Burmese army and negotiated Burmas independence from the British Empire in 1947. He was, however, assassinated by his rivals in the same year when Suu Kyi was barely two years old.. He r mother Daw Khin Kyi was working in the External Affairs Ministry and was appointed Myanmars ambassador to India in 1960.Aung San Suu Kyi completed her basic education at schools in Rangoon and moved to India following her mothers appointment as Myanmars envoy to India in 1960. Suu Kyi go along her studies in India. She graduated from Lady Shri Ram College, New Delhi in 1964. After graduating she went to Oxford University for further studies and completed her BA in philosophy, politics, and economics at St. Hughs College, Oxford University in 1967. Political beginningsCoincident with Aung San Suu Kyis return to Burma in 1988, the long-time military leader of Burma and wellspring of the ruling party, General Ne Win, stepped down.Mass demonstrations for democracy followed that event on 8 August 1988 (8888, a day seen as auspicious), which were violently suppressed in what came to be known as the 8888 Uprising. On 26 August 1988, she addressed half a million people at a flock rally in front of the Shwedagon Pagoda in the capital, calling for a democratic government. 26 However in September, a new military junta took power. Aung San Suu Kyi was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991.Aung San Suu Kyi has been placed under house arrest for 15 of the past 21 years, on different occasions, since she began her political career,44 during which time she was prevented from meeting her party supporters and external visitors. On the evening of 13 November 2010, Aung San Suu Kyi was released from house arrest. On 1 April 2012, Suu Kyi had won the vote for a seat in Parliament, as well as her partys victory in 43 of the 45 contested seats, officially making Suu Kyi the Leader of the Opposition in the lower house.

Hamlet Essay Example for Free

critical point Essay small town is unique in its revenge genre as it has more than than one revenge plots occurring within it. The Dominating one is of settlement and his desire to avenge his buzz off by killing his uncle. Through turn out the play we see settlement in thinkingl situations to channelise out his revenge, that choosing not to do so. In Act III Scene II we see Hamlet using the play that has been set up to try to test the innocence of his Uncle and king by gauging his reply to a staging of the events of how he supposedly murdered Hamlets father. In this scene we see the so called mousetrap being played out as Hamlet witnesses Claudius reaction to the play and witnesses his reaction, from this he draws accurately that Claudius is guilty. He has confirmed the ghosts message as true, O good Horatio Ill take the ghosts condition for a thousand pound, and has from that found his resolve and is now fully willing to avenge his father by killing Claudius. From Cl audius sudden exit The king rises and his poor reason for doing so Give me light. Away it leaves Hamlet and the audience fairly certain of Claudius guilt.This tinges us to disagree that Hamlets methods of enacting revenge be ineffective as the mousetrap was very successful for Hamlet in finding his resolve and evidence for him to exact his revenge. To around limit though the Mousetrap was tho effective for Hamlet as it convinced him that of Claudius guilt but it doesnt wholly convince the audience and possibly Horatio, as we can see from Horatios lack of zeal and joy but instead simply agreeing with Hamlet on what he saw not what he has drawn from it Hamlet Upon the poisoning, Horatio I did very well note him.He like the reader, the queen and some other members of the court will more likely to assume that it was Hamlets incessant taunting and insults that has dotty the King and caused him to leave it in such(prenominal) a valet de chambrener. The intended audience of this play which was a juvenile Tudor/early Stuart one also may be more drawn to it as the idea of killing a brother, or uncle such as Hamlet intends, as one of the greatest atrocities of which man was capable which comes, like revenge, from the Romans, and may be more hesitant to accept that someone in such a position of power and noble birth should be incapable of.Also it seems far more likely that it is Hamlets taunts that has caused the kings unrest as the Mousetrap does not provide solid evidence of Claudius guilt and that it is more a dramatic imperative that Claudius is guilty of killing Hamlets father as otherwise the play would not tote up the criteria of its genre and lead it on to a far cry from what is intended. From this we can see that Hamlets methods are ineffective but they take a leak to be correct for the play to carry on.In Act III Scene we see Hamlet finding himself in an ideal situation to carry out his revenge, he has just discovered that Claudius is guilty of mu rdering his father and now has Claudius alone and unaware peak for the kill. However Hamlet for some reason stays his blade, and chooses that this type of revenge is not for him, either a clash between his Christian ideals of do unto others as done to you and his Renaissance Roman ideals of revenge.Somehow this culminates in Hamlet seeing this revenge as not being up to scratch as he sees it as leading to Claudius forgiveness in the eyes of God, To take him in the purging of his soul, when he is fit and seasoned for passage? Hamlets choice to not kill Claudius here leads to his own destruction as well as the needless death of all the other characters, it also shows how his methods of enacting revenge are ineffective as he was basically given Claudius on a silver platter but refused to kill him due to his ideals contradicting his desires.One can see Hamlets actions during the final scene to show his methods of revenge as being very effective. After witnessing the death of his moth er and Laertes confessing to Hamlet about what Claudius has done, The King, the Kings to blame. Hamlet wastes no time in avenging his mother as he forces Claudius to finish the poison, Here, thou incestuous, murderous, damned Dane, insobriety off the potion.This also could suggest that Hamlets previous delays in enacting his revenge were based only on non-conclusive evidence which in such a mind as Hamlets could very easily have manifested itself into doubt about what he had to do. But finally having conclusive concrete evidence of Claudius Hamlet does not delay in slaying him. Hamlets ability to carry out revenge seems to depend greatly on the presence of his mother and whether she is involved.We can see that when Hamlet is sent to speak with his mother after the boilers suit we can see in this that Hamlets methods of enacting revenge seem rather dependant on his state of mind, whether he is thinking rationally with a level head which leads to him procrastinating and overthink a nd subsequently be ineffective, or if his he is enraged, laboured to react quickly, or spurned on by the presence of his mother whose presence infatuates and aggravates him.Overall though one must admit that Hamlet did in fact manage to kill Claudius which means to some extend are effective though not greatly as in doing so it lead to the deaths of almost all of the main characters in this play. Had Hamlet been more like his Fortinbras, who can be seen as a foil character, then he would have reacted upon learning immediately of Claudius guilt and slew him whilst he prayed but instead Hamlet delayed it and led to a more ineffective method of revenge.

Microsoft Corporation Case Analysis Essay Example for Free

Microsoft corp Case depth psychology EssayIndustry EvaluationSoftwargon is an integral part of todays uncertain economy, as the push for greater globularization and efficiency drives much of the spending in fear commercialises around the human being. In order to declare a competitive edge in an increasingly competitive global foodstuff, companies are spending more than and more on hardware and bundle clay infrastructures (YahooFinance, 2006).Microsoft is among 413 companies that produce and distribute application program packet products and services. These companies are solely part of the Application Software application within the technology sector, which is prevail by one software giant Microsoft. More proper(postnominal) bothy, Microsoft is categorized into the Developmental Tools, Operating Systems, and receipts Software sub manufacturing, which includes companies that design, develop, market, and support software for evolution, testing, and debugging appl ications for computing device maintenance and for desktop management (Ho everywheres.com, 2006).Microsoft, Oracle Corp, CA Inc., and SAP Aktiengesellschaft, with a four-firm concent proportionalityn proportionality of 39% dominate the effort. Most of the opposite(a) 411 firms in the industry specialize in nigglinger niches, providing specialized software services much(prenominal) as accounting, origin management, etcetera, and maintain remuneration under $1 one thousand cardinal per division. For this actor, the reckoner application industry has monopolistic competition (MSN Money, 2006).The top- sell software phoner is currently Microsoft, with $41.4 gazillion in sales in 2005, and is joined in the competitive arena by other top sellers such as Oracle Corp. with $12.9 billion and SAP Aktiengesellschaft with $10.4 billion. Other industry persisters in sales include CA Inc., Intuit Inc., Adobe Systems Inc., B.M.C. Software, Compuware Corp., and Novell Inc., each ex periencing revenues exceeding $1 billion during 2005. Within the Developmental Tools, Operating Systems, and Utility Software subindustry, top competitors include Microsoft, International Business Machines (IBM), SAP Aktiengesellschaft, and Computer Associates International, who ranked a diverse(prenominal) first, second, third, and fourth in application software sales (YahooFinance, 2006).The Computer Software industry is full-sizely dominated by Microsoft, which commands 54% of market sales among its top ten competitors, as listed above. The following chart expand the market manage of these ten main moveers in the industry (YahooFinance, 2006)Within the legal environment, the software industry has been shaken byseveral recent regulations that are revitalizing industries within the business market of the join States. Among them are the US Patriot Act, which dictates that companies providing financial services must have the index to detect the particular of money laundering the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which mandates that companies provide real-time disclosure of events that might affect their financial performance and dim records of e-mail and instant messages exchanged between employees (YahooFinance, 2006). Finally, antitrust laws have been an ongoing threat to the industry. Microsoft has finally reached a settlement after an ongoing antitrust investigation, and agreed to allow manufacturers to include competing software with Windows and uniformly authorize its operational systems (Antitrust Case Filings, 2006).New technological ontogenesiss are revitalizing the software industry. The most recent and of import enlarge includes a new set of web-friendly applications that, as of yet, has no official name. These web services bear be assembled from standardized create blocks, meaning that any number of applications may be assembled in a variety of ways. Beca mapping of this, companies are able to develop enterprise applications to run on a wide va gabond of software and hardware infrastructures and cater to the specific demands of their respective market segments. The companies that go away maintain market plow in the up-and-coming web era are those that are able to develop products that will be compatible on a wide range of hardware platforms.Massive consolidations have recently snuff it characteristic of the software industry. Largely due to acquisitions, IBMs software holdings have releasen a great deal. grim specialists companies face the greatest danger from large software providers such as Oracle, who recently acquired PeopleSoft and Siebel for $10.3 and $5.9 billion, respectively. If growth slows in their subindustries, these small companies who cater to specific niches become vulnerable to large companies offering extensive suites of enterprise applications that armed service a variety of functions such as the industry leaders (YahooFinance, 2006).Following suit after other mature industries such as electronics and apparel,a large number of IT and software providers have begun outsourcing much of their manufacturing and RD functions to countries right(prenominal) of the United States. Software companies are now able to hire manufacturers and product developers in countries such as India, Mexico, and China for much less than it would cost in the U.S. (MSN Money, 2006)The tragedy of the September 11 terrorist attacks as tumesce as other post 9/11 attacks prompted another significant trend in the software industry when the United States government cranked down on tribute. By restructuring their communication systems, they opened a portal to struggling software providers who began to provide new, more secure applications to governmental departments and agencies (YahooFinance, 2006)A final trend reflects the popularity of Linux and other open- witnesser code operating(a) systems. While the Linux operating system is probably the most widely know and widely used open source code, the idea of open source is gaining momentum and popularity. Companies that provide their products for a nominal subscription fee and gene ramble income based on bringing up and support services have pick out the open source concept as a counter-intuitive business model, with which they counter the more traditional selling of products for profit model (Hill and Jones, 2005).Once online collaboration and word processing applications are deary developed and grow in usage and popularity, the seekers predict that the software industry will tell a rise in sales of those kinds of products, and possibly a decline in the sale of PC compatible product that play on the same types of functions. The reason for this is that once these tools are for sale, consumers will realize that they may access and edit their documents or projects from any computer or PDA with inter pelf access, without having to worry about being on the specific machine or machines that contain the documents they need.Currently, almost all users of open source software are computer-savvy scheduling professionals. In the future however, more consumers will use this type of software for business and personal use. This is forecasted by a outgrowth number of applications developed from open source codes such as Linux, as wholesome as increasing popularity of these programs. If this comes to pass, then Linux and other open source applications and operating systems may accumulate market share, thus depriving it from Microsoft and Oracle.Strategic EvaluationMicrosoft supports a number of values that translate into goals that the company strives to attain. These goals include doing business with honesty and integrity to have passion for guests, partners, and technology to be open and respectful, to take on largish challenges and see through them constructive self-criticism, self-improvement, and personal excellence to help foster growth and innovation, and to be responsible to customers, shareholders, partners, and employees for commitments, results, and quality. These goals, however, are immeasurable, intangible, and unspecific. on that point is no timeline for achieving them, and no way to determine whether or not they have been acheived.There are, however, more specific goals that the company hopes to attain that are specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and tangible. Goals for the future include making technology available to one quarter of a billion people by 2010. Another goal is to fuse in concert Windows training and Web development to enrich Windows applications (Stu, 2003).By doing this, Microsoft may be able to convince consumes to use the rich application features of Windows. Another goal is to unify the disparate Windows communications and enterprise technologies into a greens and simple framework that is competitive with Java Enterprise Edition. Microsoft inevitably to provide an alternative to this model unless it wants to see Java retain its lock on the server s oftware market. This goal is consistant with Microsofts approach of taking the lead in developing a new computing standard. (Microsoft, 2006)The mission statement of Microsoft Corporation isAt Microsoft, we work to help people and businesses throughout the worldrealize their full potential. This is our mission. Everything we do reflects this mission and the values that bear down it possible.- Microsoft, 2006The mission statement is clear in representing Microsoft as dedicated in providing the best products to help its customers come upon and realize their full potential. The mission statement is good, and is very personable by saying At Microsoft, and repetition that this is Microsofts mission statement. The statement repeats itself in the third sentence, saying, every(prenominal)thing we do reflects helping everyone in the world understand his or her full potential. Using words to repeat move of the mission statement makes it bolder to the reader.The statement is broad enou gh to allow the company to expand into unfamiliar markets or businesses, or both. However, it is narrow enough that it focuses the company on aiding people in reaching their fullest potential. By adhering to this mission statement, employees at Microsoft look to the customers, not the shareholders, as the reason the company exists. It is clear to express that the company does not exist solely to make a profits or please shareholders. It reflects the desire of the management at Microsoft to make a difference in the world and help those who wish to achievement do so.Functional ReviewMarketing AnalysisMicrosoft focuses on the development of software, which includes products such as Office, Project, Visio, FoxPro, and more. The software packages aide in the creation of business documents, databases, and projects, as well as helps consumers manage their day-to-day lives.Microsoft has seven different product divisions Client, Server and Tools, schooling actor, Microsoft Business Solutio n, MSN, Mobile and imbed Devices, and Home and Entertainment (Microsoft, 2006). The Client segment has responsibility for engineering, product delivery, and technical architecture for the Windows product family. It alike handles Microsoftsrelationships with personal computer manufacturers, including multinational and regional original equipment manufacturer accounts (SEC, 2006). Server and Tools is responsible for the server system products and all related services. These services include providing advice for requirements undeniable for the system to operate properly, custom solution services, and business application planning for the operating systems.Information Worker involves licensing software to several types of users such as small to large corporations, homes, and specialized categories like students. This division releases a major change in software every dickens to three historic period. Microsoft Business Solutions deals primarily with developing and marketing offerin gs to manage financial, customer relationship and put up chain management functions for small and midsize businesses, large organizations and divisions of global enterprises. MSN is accountable for delivering online services that look to em index number users by bringing them to the people and information that matter most. The Mobile and Embedded Devices section is responsible for the marketing and development of products that extend the advantages of the Windows platform to many types of devices. The Home and Entertainment segment is in charge of production, development, and marketing for the Xbox ikon romp system (SEC, 2006).Another way Microsoft is continuing to broaden their customer base is by establishing itself into the gaming industry. An example of this is the innovative Xbox 360 Microsoft launched during the 2005 Christmas season. Microsoft has begun to explore new markets, like television, with the rising success of the Xbox 360 and the ever-changing demographics. Mic rosoft realizes that demographics are changing to a younger generation and efforts must be made to agree their needs as well. (Wikipedia, 2006)In the ult, Microsofts target market has been men of the ages of eighteen through thirty-four. The company is currently expanding the market it targets by experimenting with two methods of reaching the seventeen and younger age group. The first is through the gaming industry, with the release of the Xbox gaming system. The company is also developing a television show to reach this age group (Goo, 2006). Another dodging Microsoft is pursuing involves meeting its global clientele where they arein terms of their economic and financial needs (Evers, 2006). These changes in strategy and products reflect Microsofts goal of expanding its target market. While on that point is risk involved with these changes, there is also the potential for submits above a normal profit.Another way Microsoft is continuing to broaden their customer base is by es tablishing itself into the gaming industry. An example of this is the innovative Xbox 360 Microsoft launched during the 2005 Christmas season. Microsoft has begun to explore new markets, like television, with the rising success of the Xbox 360 and the changing demographics. Microsoft realizes that demographics are changing to a younger generation and efforts must be made to accommodate their needs as well. (Wikipedia, 2006)Microsoft has established a presence in the international market. The headquarters, including most of the research and development centers, is located in Redmond, Washington. The company has several manufacturing facilities to meet supply needs on a global scale. These facilities are located in various places such as Dublin, Ireland, Humacao, Puerto Rico, Reno, Nevada and Singapore just to name a few locations. Microsoft currently employees 40,081 in North America and 63,564 world-wide to help them meet growing demand for their products (Microsoft, 2006).Microsoft uses a wide variety of media to run the demand of their products. Traditional types of advertising are used for global campaigns including television, print, and lucre (Microsoft.com, 2006). The company uses computer magazines to compare companies or products such as the face of Linux versus Microsoft. Microsofts goal is to reach a certain target market. In addition, Microsoft is implementing a new advertising campaign apply the Internet in competition with Yahoo and Google. In the campaign, customers will be asked to scarf out out a survey from there the data will be used to display personal ads of interest to the consumer. If a consumer chooses not to fill out the survey the company will provide them with general ads that are generated from the search. The goal in the long is to learn the customers want and needs for future purchases (Oser, 2006).The manufacturing function for most of Microsofts products is outsourced. A vendor supplies the parts requisite to assemble the Xbox gaming system. This outsourcing strategy can be a drawback on two counts. Firstly, Microsoft relinquishes some lead of the pricing of this product because it cannot control the manufacturing costs. Secondly, there is a threat of the manufacturer leaking product knowledge to Microsofts competitors. At the same time however, Microsoft has no legal obligation to the manufacturer, and can manufacture these products internally. Microsoft employs several vendors to supply parts that Microsoft manufactures. These components are purchased at a discount rate, and Microsoft keeps excess inventory in stock in case of shortages (Microsoft, 2006).The company has decided to do an 18 month campaign to advertise the differences between Microsoft and Linux giving the benefits of using our products. Some advantages to Microsofts products include being user-friendly software and applications, as well as having a strong reputation in that area. Therefore, the cost would be greater to retrained em ployee how to use Linux software in the business industry for server application use.In dealing with more recent security issues, Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE) has a code-flaw in the browser that makes it vulnerable to hackers. This flaw can allow hackers to infect a system with various code-scripts, which puts the system under attack. To have security issues associated with the companys name can produce a bad reputation. Microsofts goals are to have compassion for customers, for partners, and technology. The company wants to train and make technology available to a quarter of the billion people in the world by 2010. In addition, Microsoft shows passion towards customers by offering specialized advertisements to fall in the varied selection of products to the consumer. Another goal is to exhibit openness and respectfulness, which will gain a ample amount of respect from the consumer.This is achieved by receiving feedback from our employees, government agencies, and community le aders which will lead to improve Microsofts business. Microsoft is curbing on task of taking on large challenges by endeavoring to change their demographics of customers. In addition, thecompany takes constructive criticism, and uses this as a way to improve criticism in forms of comments and suggestions. Microsoft will accomplish this task through research and development and feedback. Other goals are to surpass personal excellence, and have accountability to customers, shareholders, partners, and employees for commitments, results, and quality. These achievable tasks would help Microsoft stay in the business for social classs to come (Microsoft, 2006).Production AnalysisMicrosoft alters its products to me needs of its global customers. The company translates the text edition and changes the appearance of its applications to make them understandable in that language. This is one reason Microsoft has a reputation for being developing user-friendly applications for its consumers. Other tasks the company is involved with include processing orders, payment options, processing needed information, and provider management (Microsoft.com, 2006). These tasks are essential to maintaining good relations with Microsofts customers and suppliers. In addition, these tasks make it possible to make required changes when there are problems in distribution or manufacturing of Microsofts software.Microsoft outsources all of its manufacturing function except for a few, including the conference of the Xbox 360. A vendor supplies the needed parts for this product. This action can be a drawback because it limits Microsoft in its ability to control pricing aspects of this product. There is also the threat that suppliers will share the knowledge of this product with Microsofts competitors. Although this is a threat, Microsoft is under the no legal obligation to continue working with that supplier. Several vendors supply parts for all other products Microsoft assembles. Component s for these products are purchased at a discount. Microsoft keeps an inventory of spare parts on hand if needed (Microsoft, 2006).Management AnalysisBill Gates and Paul Allen founded Microsoft in 1975, and in a few course of instructions, theyexpand to Bellevue, Washington from Albuquerque, New Mexico. From there, Microsoft began creating and developing new and revolutionary technology. In 1981, IBM introduced its personal computer with Microsofts 16-bit operating system, MS-DOS 1.0 (Microsoft, 2006). Because of its quality, this operating system became popular. Microsofts stock went public. Over the next twenty course of instructions, Microsoft created more technical and versatile operating systems such as Windows 95, 98, and the current Windows XP.This success has lead to world-wide expansion creating thousands of jobs. Microsoft is the worlds largest software company with over 50,000 employees in various countries as of May 2004 (Microsoft, 2006). Microsoft has become a needed portion of the personal computing market in which many PC retailers have sold their machines pre-equipped with Microsofts software.Because of its large and substantial business, Microsoft was found to be a monopoly among computer software and because of this, Microsoft has experience financial success. In 1998, a lawsuit found that Microsoft was using its monopoly power to defeat its competitors (Reference.com, 2006). Microsoft appealed and showed how changing their companys operations would bring the financial success down increasingly.A board of learnors, who play a major role in decision-making and many fundamentals of the company, run Microsoft. The Chief Executive police officer is Steven Ballmer who joined with Microsoft in 1980 and was the first business manager hired by Bill Gates (Microsoft, 2006). In 1998, Ballmer was appointed President and this gave him full responsibility for running the corporation. 2 years later, he became CEO (in 2000) and this gave him full privi lege over all the managers and staff of Microsoft.Following Ballmer is James I. cash in, Jr, Dina Dublon, Bill Gates, Raymond V. Gilmartin, Ann McLaughlin Korologos, David F. Margaurdt, Charles H. Noski, Helmut Panke and Jon A. Shirley. A lot of endowment fund and skill is required to work in any position at Microsoft. They seek out cause individuals who are experienced in communications and leadership. The purpose for finding such trained individuals is to lower training costs of the company.The Corporate Operations is Microsofts backbone, constructing, managing, and running the various services that support the companys 50,000 employees (Microsoft, 2006). This statement shows that Microsoft is dependent on two sections of their management staff the corporate and administrative services. These departments are responsible for management, public relations, providing company-wide administrative support, building new office space, and other tasks.Financial AnalysisMicrosoft Corporat ion has achieved excellence in since 1975 in the application software industry. They finished the 2005 monetary year with a market capitalization of $288.20 billion, doubling the closest competitor, IBM which came in second in market capitalization with $131.00 billion, and an industry average of a low $136.51 million (Hoovers, 2006).Microsoft Corporation has been enjoying a steady growth in revenue over the past three pecuniary years. This has been achieved with the growing popularity of PC use in the world over this time period. Microsofts preliminary estimates showed a growth of worldwide PC shipments from 11% to 13%, and total server hardware shipments grew some 13% to 14% during the 2005 fiscal year compared to fiscal year 2004 (Yahoo Finance). This has caused a growth in revenue of 8% from $36,835 million to $39,788 million from fiscal year 2004 to 2005 (U.S. SEC).This revenue growth was driven by growth in licensing of Windows Server operating systems and other server appl ication, licensing of Windows Client operating systems through OEMs, and increment licensing of Office and other Information Worker products (Yahoo Finance). The 2004 fiscal year ended with an overall growth of $4,648 billion from the previous fiscal year 2003, an join on of over 12%. Over the past quintette years, Microsoft Corporation has generated revenue of over $162 billion. This is an increase of 73% and about $75 billion of this is derived from net exchange proceed from operations. Shareholders received a return of $69 billion of this revenue in dividends and stock repurchases. With the launching of the Xbox 360, Windows Vista, and newer versions of existing software in 2006 fiscal year, Microsoft expects to have an equal or largerincrease of the past five years in the next five years (Microsoft, 2006).Net income for the fiscal year 2005 was $12,254 which is an increase of $4,086 million from the 2004 fiscal year. This is due to small passs in operating expenses from th e previous year with emphasis on research and development, a settle of over $1.5 billion. Although change magnitude in fiscal year 2005, a large jump in expenses occurred from fiscal year 2003 to 2004. Microsoft increased their total operating expenses by $5,159 million to $27,801 million in fiscal year 2004. Although decreasing expenses worked for the fiscal year 2005, decreases in research and development in the future might cause the industry to get the edge on Microsoft and revenues decrease (Microsoft, 2006).Operating income has also increased substantially during these two fiscal years with a total increase of 61%. Although it had a 5% decline from fiscal year 2003 to fiscal year 2004, operating income jumped from a boundary lineal $9,034 million in 2004 to an excellent $14,561 million in fiscal year ending 2005 (U.S. SEC). According to Yahoo Finance, the operating income increase for fiscal year 2005 was driven by a decline in stock-based compensation expense increased rev enue in Server and Tools, Client, and Information Worker and a reduction in legal costs associated with major litigation.Some key ratios will point out Microsofts position in accordance to the industry. Holding a total debt to equity ratio of 0.00, compared to 0.03 of the industry, Microsoft has showed that they have successfully controlled their assets without any debt, dating back as far as fiscal year 1996. The total debt to total asset ratio also confirms these successes with a low 0.33. This has a great statistic from an investor or shareholders eyes because there is potential for a high payout. Microsoft has a current ratio of 2.8, compared to the industries average of 2.3.This shows us that Microsoft can pay off any debt that may occur, and can continue operating with interchange leftover over. The quick ratio is currently at 2.5 with an industry average of 2.1. Because this number is so close in comparison with the current ratio, this tells us that Microsoft is not depende nt on their inventory. These three financial ratios show us that Microsoft Corporationis achieving excellence in comparison to the industry (MSN, 2006). twain the gross profit margin and the net profit margin percentages will show us the financial health of the company. Microsoft Corporations net profit margin is over 7% higher that the industries average, at 30.8% compared to 23.5%. This tells us that 31.6% of the companys revenue can be kept as profit. fiscal year 2005 is an increase of 8.6% from fiscal year 2004 and a small decrease of 0.2% from fiscal year 2003. Their gross profit margin is 87.3%, compared to 82.6% of the industries average. Although the industries average of these two ratios is healthy as well, Microsoft still holds better percentages (MSN, 2006).The companys impairment ratios will show some different trends in comparison to the industry from the other ratios presented. Although the earnings per share (EPS) are currently much higher than the industry average a nd the previous year, it is lower than some of the direct competitors. The EPS in the fiscal year 2005 was 1.13, which is considerably higher than the industries average of 0.15. This is not a bad ratio if you own share in the company, but two of the closest competitors is producing a much higher rate Googles EPS is at 5.021 and IBMs is at 4.875.Although this might turn some investors away, numbers have been improving over the past three years. Fiscal year 2003 had an EPS of only $0.70 but increased to $0.76 in fiscal year 2004. The large increase came in fiscal year 2005 when EPS increased almost $0.40 to $1.13. With the latest innovations Microsoft has developed, these numbers will increase as investors see the future of Microsoft. Microsoft price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio is more attractive than EPS with a ratio of 22.9. Although conservative investors may feel this number is too high, this ratio is much better than the industry average of 27.3 which might influence these investors to invest in Microsoft instead of the direct competitors (MSN, 2006).Management effectiveness ratios like return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) will show us how well the management at Microsoft Corporation is doing. With an ROA of 19.4%, over 5% higher than the industry average of 13.9%, Microsoft is very profitable in relation to the total assets of thecompany. This is a substantial increase from 8.8% and 12.6% in fiscal year 2004 and 2003 respectively. The profit per clam, or ROE of Microsoft, is 29.5%. This is close to 7% higher than the industry average of 22.6% and 18.6% than fiscal year 2004. This shows that Microsoft Corporation is achieving a higher profit from their investors per dollar in comparison to the industries. Although there was a large increase from fiscal year 2004 to 2005, a decrease of 5.5% occurred between fiscal year 2003 and 2004 (MSN, 2006).The efficiency of the company is struggling in comparison to the industry in one way, inventory disturb ance. The inventory turnover is currently much lower than the industries. With a low 8.1 compared to 28.4 of the industry average, Microsofts inventory turnover might indicate poor sales. Both Microsoft and the industry average of asset turnover are 0.6, indicating that 0.6 of every dollar is revenue. Microsoft is doing a better job than the industry in comparing the accounts receivable turnover, but not a significant amount. The accounts receivable turnover is at 5.7 with an industry average of 5.2. Both Microsoft and the industry are collecting payments from its customers in a timely manner. They are, however, significantly behind SP 500 which has an accounts receivable turnover ratio of 7.5 (MSN, 2006).A thorough research of currency flows will show the company cope in the right direction. Net operating, investing, and financial backing cash flows all increased from the fiscal year 2004 to 2005. Fiscal year 2005 showed an increase of 14% to $16.61 billion in cash flow from ope rations. This is derived from an increase in cash receipts from customers driven by the 8% revenue growth of the company. Cash payments decreased by approximately $1.8 billion from the previous year from binding legal settlements. These factors played the major role in the increase of operating cash flow. Keeping operating cash flows down was payments to the 7% increase in regular employees added during the fiscal year 2005. This is a great recovery from fiscal year 2004 considering operating cash flow dropped by $1.17 billion from fiscal year 2003. Over two billion of this was from the Sun Microsystems settlement and the European Commission fine.The small offsetting gain is from increases cash receiptsfrom customers. Net financing cash flow showed a large increase from $2.36 billion in fiscal year 2004 to $41.08 billion in fiscal year 2005. This increase is driven by an additional $34.38 billion of cash dividends paid, and an additional $4.67 billion in cash used for common stock repurchases in fiscal year 2005 from fiscal year 2004. Net financing cash flow did have a substantial decrease from fiscal year 2003 to 2004 of almost $3 billion.However, this decrease is due the company not repurchasing common stock in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2004 and an increase of $628 million from stock issuances of employee stock option exercises. An increase of $872 million in cash dividends during this fiscal year offset the numbers provided. Net investing cash flow for fiscal year 2005 was $15.03 billion, an increase of $18.37 billion from the previous year. Investment maturities that occurred to fund cash dividends paid increased by $23.59 billion in fiscal year 2005. Offsetting this figure was the decrease of $5.32 billion in cash from sale use and investment purchases. Cash used for investing was $3.34 billion in fiscal year 2004, a decrease of $3.88 billion from fiscal year 2003 (Microsoft, 2006).Model AnalysisThe Boston Consulting Group Matrix is a office of the status of Microsoft in the current market. There are four different categories that fall under the matrix, Stars, Cash Cows, Question Marks and Dogs. The highest socio-economic class and most self-efficient is the Stars with very high growth and high share. Next in the matrix Cash Cows, which are low in growth and high in shares. The third category in the matrix is the Question Marks which are high in growth and low in shares. Last are the Dogs which are very low in both growth and shares. Microsoft would be laid in the Stars category simply because the company is constantly growing and is very self-sustaining.Strategic Alternatives1. Develop a Microsoft version of open source software by exploiting Microsofts distinctive competency for developing software. This will giveMicrosoft an edge in the open market by allowing it to effectively compete with current alternatives to Microsoft products, such as Linux, Sun Systems, and other open source/free software products. This alter native will give Microsoft the probability to increase its revenues by offering support services and training for these products.2. Acquire Red Hat Inc. or another successful Linux provider. By combining the rising popularity of the open source concept with the ongoing success of Microsofts application software, the image of Microsoft will improve and launch the company into the increasingly popular open source market.3. Improve current product line. Increase research and development spending to improve the dependability and security of current products. Then, implement an advertising campaign through several mediums to stress the superior quality of Microsofts products.

Perception and Reality in Existenz Essay Example for Free

Perception and Reality in Existenz EssayFor me, eXistenZ is a film that is fairly confusing at best. If Im non mistaken the film was released earlier The hyaloplasm and had the comparable concept for the world the component parts resided. A computer generated world inside the real world. In eXistenZ the protagonists start off in a room, they atomic number 18 about to beta test a revolutionist computer spirited cal lead eXistenZ, the scene is set in such a focal point that we are led to believe that video games charter fin tot every last(predicate)yy r each(prenominal)ed the ultimate goal of becoming fully immersive and utterly real, not so much virtual cosmos nevertheless complete reality. Each actor is given a role that, in the game, they may or may not complete without roll in the haying. This is where things already start to breed over. We as the audience are transported into a fictional world, viewed done a mechanical/computerized object (the camera) that i s itself inhabit by fictional examples whom are just about to do the exact same thing. The way we draw things is affected by what we k instantaneously or what we believe. 1 berger We are told to believe that computerised realities identical to our birth are now possible, and that these people will be porting into one.Nobody today, at least that I know, believes that our reality is computerised, exclusively because in our realitya computer generated reality that is indistinguishable from our own has not been created. But if we all believed that, would we chequer this world assortedly as in eXistenZ? An image is a sight which has been recreated or reproduced. It is an appearance, or set of appearances, which has been detached from the place and period in which it first of all made its appearance and preserved for a few moments or a few centuries. 2 berger.Once we are ported into the computerized reality of their reality, we realise that what we are viewing is not what we a re confabing for ourselves, possibly not even in the same time or space. The camera is providing us with a series of still images that were captured by a mechanical nitty-gritty (this alone provides us with a view of the world which is unlike our own i. e. widescreen, resolution, perspective etc). These images are producing a world that is similar to ours but unreal and from the viewpoint like that of a ghost or an backer (called free cam or death cam in the video game world.The ability to view events from anywhere in the world whenever you want. ). This world and so takes us into some another(prenominal) world inside that one which is viewed the same way, except this world is supposed to be the false reality. I sometimes study this pile be part of the explanation for the oddities we see. like placing the lens of a camera next to the view governer of another camera and taking a picture. As your eye, a natural camera in itself sees through the first lens, the image is distor ted via that lens and then the other lens. What is it you will really be seeing at the end?In the film we are alship canal viewing the events through three mediums, our eyes, through the camera, which views those events through a virtual camera in the game. We can never be totally sure that the images we see represent the corresponding acquaintance that we assign to it in our reality. E genuinelything in eXistenZ looks exactly the same as our reality but doesnt let the same meaning. several tiers over. But whose eyes are we actually viewing these whole series of events from? A lulu. But who is this spectator? Are there testers ported into the game as mere observers? Are they developers or publishers?Or apparently joe public who has no direct connection with the corporate mechanics of eXistenZ? In our reality, when you play a multi fraud game such as this and you die, you become a spectatora ghost, until the end of the game, where you respawn (get another chance). Quite simply, whose interpretation of the events are we watching? Two quotes relating to music and technology but I believe are relevant Liveness, in short, whether defined in social or physiological terms, is not essential to musical meaning. On the other hand, it is equally clear that to record a work is just as much to interpret it as to perform it in any other way. 3 Simon Firth I dont believe the engineer should intrude between the composer, or performing artist 4 Goddard The music is the game, the mover being the people in the game, the composer is the game itself, the story and the engineer is the mortal or entity who is controlling our view of the final score (In game mechanics this could be referred to as the indorse Engine, this decides what happens, how, why, when and where. ) The above quote can only exude one outcome, that the game should be viewed from each and every person by their own means in order to absorb the complete truth. good now we are watching the events through so meone elses interpretation, each cut and angle switch over being a splice of the compositiona order of the events. By the end of the film we find out unequivocally that because of this we have only half of the story. But we do realise that no matter what, the composition remains the same. its just the way we hear it that is different. eXistenZ has whats called a additive plot cast but a non linear game play mechanic, there is only one outcome but the way in which you reach that outcome can have numberless possibilities, much like our lives. conception is linear, but life is not. We will all die eventually, but how we die will have an infinite number of possibilities. A composer can write a piece of music that is the story, which never changes, but it is the performer and engineer that tell this story, depending on them both, the end will always be the same but the way in which the story is told will always be different. One thing that was mentioned by Walter Benjamin is that, F or the film, what matters generally is that the actor represents himself to the public before the camera, rather than representing someone else. 5 benjamin This maybe true, but the very nature of this film throws this ideal into chaos. The actors are playings actors in a film that has them playing actors in a gamethat by the end of the film, has them playing actors of actors in some other situation. This quote I simply dont agree with, it also seems to me that this is the complete opposite of what a method actor tries to impinge on on stage, which is to embody and represent someone else completely without thought.This goes against what Berger said about us relating what we see to what we know. If the actors on stage all represented themselves completely to the audience other than the camera before the part they were playing, then what we as an audience know about the character in relation to the actor playing the character conflict and ruin the immersion, it is easier to become s omeone else in front of the camera, that doesnt know anything, than the audience that knows everything.The whole point of eXistenZ is to make you believe that these average people believe they are someone else who in incline believe they are someone else. At the end of the day this is what the object of the game was, to embody the character of someone else that has been thrust into a plot in a world that you have no knowledge of. This is the reason that people play video games. To escape the mundane trials and tribulations of everyday life and become a part of something that is out of the ordinary.Computer Generated Imagery, or CGI (CGI is a term that I find horrible, to me it is either digital Animation or Digital Modeling, together Digital Media. CGI has connotations of the low tech 80s to umteen people. ) is the main ingredient in this, where as the original way to escape was to either read a book, act in a play or hear a talenow we are heading towards the era where you can bec ome part of a tale that is ultra realistic. Where you can immortalize a virtual world that can fabricate the ends of your imagination and beyond.eXistenz is where the digital industry wants to end up, the applications of fabricating a reality that is false for individuals that cannot cope with the real thing are endless. If youre bored at work, why not become Bruce Willis during youre lunch break? Want to experience terror? Port in and rag Silent Hill after a hard day at work. It all sounds simple enough, but right now we are at a point where we know for definite within our reality, where the line is between virtual and real.The day that our technology reaches the levels depicted in eXistenZ is the day that the troubles will start. This I think is one of the main lessons to me in this film. When do we say enough to technology? When do we stop? Or do we stop in one avenue and continue developing in others? A revolutionary game such as eXistenZ could wreak havoc on people who do no t have the capacity to discern their reality from that of the software or hardware.It even has the possibility to blur the lines and boundaries you already have defined, or destroy your mental health completely. At the very end of the film we are learn to the fact that eXistenZ is not real, that it is a product of the game tranScendanZ. It is a game within a game within a film. The final line of the film Are we still in the game relates to how we see the world, relative. Who knows if that was the real reality or just the game, to me it looked very much like the two protagonists didnt know either, or even questioned it.Perhaps they werent even real participants of the game, but mere NPCs (non player characters). But this is where Digital Media is taking us, its job is to create the world as accurately as it can within the realms of its software, ironically designed by entities that are bound by laws of a universe not completely understood by the aformentioned but with none of the ru les that limit our existence (The Matrix for example, identical reality, but the rules could be bent or broken by those who knew how to).For instance, if I wanted to liberty chit through a wall right now I couldnt, however, in a game it is as simple as typing a code into the console (usually noclip 1, 0 being false, 1 being true). But who is to say that I couldnt walk through that wall now? peradventure it is as simple as being enlightened to the truth like Neo from The Matrix? In our lives we are exposed to images from the past, present and future that hold no bearing on our existence at that present time we experience them. But these images, performances or experiences can affect us in ways that we cannot perceive.The photographer, camera operator or composer does not know this either. But at the time of them creating these art workings they are fabricating a reality and set of circumstances for others that have a multitude of meanings. There can be one definitive interpretatio n, but this will change depending on who is viewing it and how. Right now this essay almost makes sense to me, it may not make sense to you, but how do you make sense of things that have several meanings unless you were the person who conceived the premise in the first place? The answer is that you cannot.A picture taken one century for one purpose and meaning can translate as something else in another century. An actors affect in film during one era can mean something different on stage in the same era and an music studio can completely rewrite the meaning and feel of music without changing the notes or instruments. It is all down to perception. eXistenZ, Vanilla Sky, The Matrix, The Machinist, Gozu and many others all rely on images that are perceived as in any other art forms. Our own experiences colour the original thought of the creator, regardless of that creators perception.